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    <title>Selective Prediction on Programmer.ie: Modern AI programming</title>
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    <description>Recent content in Selective Prediction on Programmer.ie: Modern AI programming</description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 11:15:00 +0100</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>Knowing When Not to Answer</title>
      <link>http://programmer.ie/books/hallucination-from-first-principles/11-chapter/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 11:15:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <guid>http://programmer.ie/books/hallucination-from-first-principles/11-chapter/</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Chapter 10 ended with an ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A model gave weak, generic advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it ignored decisive evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But perhaps the evidence never justified a decisive answer in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are not the same failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-text&#34; data-lang=&#34;text&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;What was Company A&amp;#39;s Q3 revenue?&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;and this evidence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-text&#34; data-lang=&#34;text&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Q1 revenue was $41.2 million.&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Q2 revenue was $43.8 million.&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;The company expects second-half demand to improve.&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;A language model can easily produce something that sounds reasonable:&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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